Michigan hosts a fascinating array of birds, from the iconic Bald Eagle, known for its vast 7-foot wingspan and large nests, to the tiny Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Michigan's sole breeding hummingbird species, celebrated for its iridescent green feathers and incredible migratory journeys. The American Goldfinch, Michigan's state bird, captivates with its vibrant yellow plumage and unique flight pattern. The Eastern Bluebird adds a splash of color with its blue back and rusty-orange throat, favoring the state's meadows. The Red-winged Blackbird stands out with its striking shoulder patches, thriving in marshy areas. Exploring more about these species reveals the rich biodiversity of the state.
Bald Eagle
The Bald Eagle, an emblem of strength and freedom, thrives in Michigan, primarily near its abundant water bodies. Recognized among Michigan birds for their impressive 7-foot wingspan, these raptors are notorious for their large nests made of sticks and branches.
The Bald Eagle's diet primarily includes fish, supplemented by small mammals and carrion, underlining their apex predator status in their aquatic habitats.
Eastern Bluebird
Eastern Bluebirds, with their vibrant blue backs and rusty-orange throats, frequently grace Michigan's open woodlands and meadows.
This small bird, known for its melodious warbling song, primarily feeds on insects such as beetles and caterpillars.
They are cavity-nesters, often occupying old woodpecker holes or birdhouses.
Their presence along fence lines enhances the natural beauty of Michigan's landscapes.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird
Among Michigan's avian residents, the Ruby-throated Hummingbird stands out as the sole breeding hummingbird species in the state. Weighing less than a nickel, these birds flaunt iridescent green feathers and perform an impressive migration over 500 miles to arrive in Michigan.
Their diet primarily consists of nectar, which they skillfully extract with their specialized long bills and tongues, supplementing with insects for protein.
American Goldfinch
Designated as Michigan's state bird, the American Goldfinch is celebrated for its vibrant yellow plumage during the breeding season.
Known for their undulating flight patterns, these birds primarily feed on seeds from sunflowers and thistles.
In contrast to their summer appearance, their winter plumage shifts to a more subdued olive color, reflecting the seasonal changes in their natural habitat.
Red-winged Blackbird
The Red-winged Blackbird, easily recognizable by its striking red and yellow shoulder patches, is a prevalent species across Michigan's wetlands and open fields.
Males are distinguished by their vibrant markings and melodic 'conk-la-ree' song during the breeding season. These blackbirds thrive in marshy areas, feeding on seeds, insects, and forming large flocks, particularly when migrating, highlighting their social nature.
Kirtland Warbler
Recognized as Michigan's iconic bird, the Kirtland's Warbler has specific habitat needs that have placed it on the endangered species list.
This species thrives exclusively in young Jack Pine forests in Michigan, requiring rigorous conservation efforts to maintain its habitat.
Thanks to these measures, the population of this state bird of Michigan is now gradually increasing, attracting birdwatchers and conservationists alike.
American Coot
American Coots, distinguished by their striking white bills and dark bodies, are a common sight in Michigan's freshwater ecosystems. These birds thrive in freshwater marshes, where their lobed toes aid in efficient swimming.
Known for their red eyes and unique calls, American Coots exhibit fascinating social behaviors, often gathering in large, noisy groups, enhancing their presence in local avian communities.
Killdeer
Shifting focus to another notable species, Killdeer are adept at protecting their nests with a clever broken-wing act to mislead predators. These medium-sized plovers inhabit open fields, showcasing brown upperparts and striking black breast bands.
Their loud, repetitive call marks their presence as they feed on insects and worms. Nesting on the ground, they migrate seasonally, adapting well to varied environments.
Red-eyed Vireo
The Red-eyed Vireo, distinguished by its vivid red eyes and persistent song, thrives in Michigan's diverse woodland habitats. This small songbird impressively belts out over 20,000 songs a day during breeding season.
They primarily feast on insects like caterpillars and beetles, making a substantial contribution to pest control. Their nests, artfully crafted from grass and spider silk, adorn tree branches, showcasing their intricate building skills.
Long-tailed Duck
Renowned for their distinctive seasonal plumage changes, Long-tailed Ducks are a common sight along Michigan's Great Lakes shorelines during winter.
These ducks exhibit impressive diving abilities, adeptly maneuvering underwater to feed on aquatic invertebrates and small fish.
Their unique vocalizations, a blend of whistles and quacks, complement their dynamic presence, making them a fascinating species for bird enthusiasts to observe.
Northern Bobwhite
Northern Bobwhites are characterized by their distinct 'bob-white' call. They are a small, round-bodied quail species prevalent in Michigan's open grasslands and agricultural fields. These ground-dwelling birds move in short bursts and are often seen in coveys. Their camouflaged plumage allows them to blend seamlessly into their environment as they forage for seeds, insects, and vegetation, enhancing their survival in diverse habitats.
Eastern Wild Turkey
Eastern Wild Turkeys, Michigan's largest upland game bird, exhibit distinctive chestnut brown tips on their tail feathers. Native to Michigan, these birds thrive in mixed wood and open areas, essential for their foraging and nesting.
Opportunistic feeders, they consume acorns, fruits, insects, and plants. Conservation efforts have greatly aided in restoring their populations, crucial for maintaining ecosystem balance and biodiversity in Michigan.
Pileated Woodpecker
The Pileated Woodpecker, Michigan's largest woodpecker species, is easily recognized by its bold black body, white facial stripes, and striking red crest.
Measuring 16-19 inches, these birds are notable for loud drumming on trees and primarily feed on carpenter ants and wood-boring beetle larvae.
Their drilling creates cavities essential for the nesting and shelter of various wildlife, enhancing ecosystem health.
Great Blue Heron
Great Blue Herons, towering up to 4 feet in height, are the largest heron species in North America and are distinguished by their blue-gray plumage and long, S-shaped necks.
These birds thrive in wetland habitats, including marshes and riverbanks, where they skillfully hunt fish and small mammals.
Their graceful flight, characterized by slow wingbeats and a curved neck, accentuates their majestic presence.
What Types of Birds in Michigan are Also Common in Ohio?
Michigan and Ohio share common bird species, including the same types of birds in Ohio. Robins, cardinals, blue jays, and chickadees are commonly found in both states. Additionally, mourning doves, sparrows, and red-winged blackbirds are frequent visitors to bird feeders in both Michigan and Ohio.
Eastern Whip-poor-will
Often heard but seldom seen, the Eastern Whip-poor-will captivates with its nocturnal serenades in Michigan's wooded landscapes. This nocturnal bird thrives under the cover of darkness, primarily feeding on flying insects like moths and beetles. Its repetitive 'whip-poor-will' call is iconic, yet its cryptic plumage allows it to remain inconspicuous by day.
Conservation is crucial due to its declining population from habitat loss.
