Top 15 Types Of Birds In Nigeria (With Pictures)

Meet Nigeria's top 15 birds, from the majestic Nigerian Ostrich to the dazzling Lilac-breasted Roller, and discover vibrant plumages and unique behaviors.

bird diversity in nigeria

Nigeria is home to an impressive variety of bird species, including the vibrant Lilac-breasted Roller, known for its acrobatic flight, and the glossy Superb Starling, which thrives in flocks. The African Pygmy Kingfisher, with its vivid plumage, skillfully catches insects near water bodies. The Yellow-collared Lovebird, a small but colorful parrot, and the Nigerian Ostrich, the largest bird in Nigeria, roam the diverse landscapes beautifully. These species not only captivate bird watchers but also play vital roles in their ecosystems. Exploring the unique behaviors and habitats of these birds offers a deeper appreciation of Nigeria's rich biodiversity.

Lilac-breasted Roller

colorful bird in africa

The Lilac-breasted Roller is a vibrant and acrobatic bird commonly found across Nigeria's savannas and open woodlands. Renowned for its colorful plumage and striking aerial acrobatics, this bird species captivates observers with its distinctive rolling flight pattern during courtship.

It perches conspicuously, making it a favorite subject for birdwatchers and photographers seeking to capture its dynamic beauty and unique behaviors.

Superb Starling

colorful and social bird

While the Lilac-breasted Roller captivates with its aerial maneuvers, another equally mesmerizing bird found in Nigeria is the Superb Starling, known scientifically as Lamprotornis superbus.

This species boasts glossy blue-green plumage and a chestnut belly, accented by a striking yellow eye. Often seen in flocks, these social birds contribute to ecosystem health by controlling insect populations and dispersing seeds with their varied, melodious calls.

African Pygmy Kingfisher

colorful african pygmy kingfisher

Despite its diminutive size, the African Pygmy Kingfisher stands out in Nigeria's avian community due to its vivid, colorful plumage and distinctive hunting techniques.

This small bird feeds primarily on insects and tiny aquatic life, nesting in burrows along riverbanks or in termite mounds.

Its presence is often announced by a high-pitched, rolling trill that resonates near bodies of water.

Yellow-collared Lovebird

vibrant yellow plumage bird

Native to Africa, including regions within Nigeria, the Yellow-collared Lovebird is a small yet strikingly colorful parrot species. Sporting vibrant green plumage, a distinct yellow collar, and an orange face, these birds are not only visually appealing but also essential pollinators.

They thrive in savannas and woodlands, forming strong pair bonds and flocking together, primarily feeding on seeds, fruits, and grains.

Nigerian Ostrich

nigeria s native ostrich species

Moving from the colorful canopies inhabited by the Yellow-collared Lovebird, we now explore the ground-dwelling Nigerian Ostrich, the largest bird species that roams the diverse landscapes of Nigeria.

This flightless bird native to Africa features a long neck and large wading legs, essential for survival in its environment.

As a symbol of Nigeria's avian diversity, it underscores the nation's rich natural heritage.

Grey Parrot

intelligent african grey bird

The Grey Parrot, renowned for its cognitive abilities and vocal skills, is a prominent feature of Nigeria's avian population. Native to West and Central African rainforests, this African species is highly intelligent and adept at mimicking human speech.

Regrettably, the Grey Parrot is experiencing a declining population due to habitat loss, the pet trade, and illegal trafficking, highlighting urgent conservation needs.

Hammerkop

large headed african bird species

Renowned for its distinctive hammer-shaped crest, the Hammerkop is a medium-sized bird found throughout Nigeria. Belonging to the family Scopidae, it features a unique hammer-shaped crest.

Typically brown, it dwells near water bodies like rivers and lakes, feeding on fish and insects. Hammerkops are noted for their skill in building large, intricate nests from sticks and mud in trees or on cliffs.

African Fish Eagle

majestic bird of prey

Symbolizing the wild spirit of Africa, the African Fish Eagle, Haliaeetus vocifer, thrives across Nigeria's diverse waterways.

Recognizable by its striking white plumage on the head and tail against a dark brown body, this bird of prey mainly feeds on fish, skillfully utilizing its sharp talons and hooked beak.

Its resonant call is emblematic of Africa's natural soundscape.

Secretarybird

long legged raptor with crest

Distinguished by its long, crane-like legs and striking crest of feathers, the Secretarybird, Sagittarius serpentarius, is a remarkable bird of prey native to sub-Saharan Africa.

This large terrestrial species thrives in open grasslands and savannas, feeding on snakes, small mammals, and insects.

Its strong legs not only support its unique hunting style but also help control rodent populations, maintaining ecological balance.

Egyptian Goose

waterfowl native to egypt

The Egyptian Goose, a distinct member of the Anatidae family, frequently graces both wild and urban African landscapes. Native to Africa, this bird is steeped in Ancient Egyptian culture, often depicted in historical art.

Known for its adaptability, it thrives near human settlements. Its significant cultural and visual presence makes the Egyptian Goose a notable species within the diverse avian community of Africa.

Great White Pelican

great white pelican species

Soaring gracefully across the skies, the Great White Pelican is recognized for its expansive wingspan, which can reach up to 3 meters.

This large, white bird is noted for its cooperative feeding habits, often working in groups. They inhabit shallow lakes and coastal lagoons, utilizing their impressive throat pouch to scoop up fish.

Their flight is both majestic and a remarkable sight in Nigerian waters.

Black Crowned Crane

colorful african bird species

Native to Nigeria, the Black Crowned Crane, Balearica pavonina, captivates onlookers with its distinctive black crown, white neck, and vibrant red throat pouch.

A member of the family Ardeidae, this bird performs elaborate courtship dances.

Recognized as Nigeria's national bird, it faces vulnerability from habitat loss and hunting.

Conservation initiatives are essential to protect this iconic species within Nigeria.

Southern Red Bishop

colorful bird in africa

Renowned for its vivid red plumage during the breeding season, the Southern Red Bishop (Euplectes orix) is a small passerine bird commonly observed in the wetlands of Nigeria.

These birds captivate onlookers with their elaborate courtship displays, often performed in groups to attract females.

Their diet primarily consists of seeds, supporting their energy needs for the dynamic breeding activities.

Hooded Vulture

scavenger bird in africa

While the Southern Red Bishop enchants with its vibrant displays, another notable avian in Nigeria is the Hooded Vulture. This bird plays a pivotal role in the natural cycle of life through its scavenging activities. The Hooded Vulture, critically endangered, is essential for maintaining clean environments by consuming carrion.

Efforts are ongoing in Nigeria to conserve these important vultures and address threats like habitat loss and poisoning.

Are the Birds Found in the Tropical Rainforest and Nigeria Similar?

Yes, the types of birds in the tropical rainforest are similar to those found in Nigeria. With the rich biodiversity of the rainforest, you can find a variety of bird species in both areas. Some of the common birds found in these regions include parrots, toucans, and hummingbirds.

Crested Guineafowl

unique and striking bird

The Crested Guineafowl, distinguished by its prominent head crest, is a common sight in the wooded regions and savannas of Nigeria.

These ground-dwelling birds are known for their distinctive crest and forage for seeds, insects, and small invertebrates.

They contribute to local ecosystems by controlling insect populations and serving as prey for various predators, playing an important role in maintaining ecological balance.